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Blood tests for parasites

Parasites living in the human body cause weakness of obscure etiology.These can be skin rash, flatness, heartburn, nausea, weakness, anemia, joint pain.Special tests must be performed to determine the diagnosis.

Parasites that can live in the human body

Hemoscopy of blood drops for parasites

Classification of parasites in their appearance:

  1. Lambia,
  2. Opistorchi,
  3. Echinococci
  4. Toxokers,
  5. Trichinella,
  6. Ascarids.

For representatives of some professions (for food staff, children's institutions), worm egg analysis is needed in the design of sanitary books.Children will give the same analysis of kindergartens and kindergartens in the garden or in the sports department.

  • Classic examination of worms living in the gastrointestinal tract is a feces analysis and mucous membrane of the rectum.
  • But there are several options for parasites more effective as it is intended for and according to the method.

Classic research on worms

A classic examination of the worms living in the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract), for example, pinworms, ascariasis, is a feces analysis and a mucous membrane from the rectum.But with a single feces analysis, it may not show positive results, so it is advisable to do it three times.

  1. To analyze feces and scrap metal, a histological coprrogram method is used (viewing the material under the microscope).The efficiency of the study is about 20%, as the probability is low, that eggs or parasite larvae fall into the analyzed material.
  2. Controversial studies for helminths, simple parasites, and fungi are electrical methods.Their essence is to obtain results by measuring bioelectric reactions to the electrodes.Special devices are used for this purpose.Many doctors perceive the study data skeptical.
  3. The most informative examination of parasites is a blood test.

Types of blood tests for parasites

There are several options for parasites for blood tests: both as a destination and method.Each of these methods has its own pros and cons.Depending on the methodology used, there are the following types of blood tests:

  1. Blood Eliza or Immunophinicna;
  2. PCR or polymerase chain reaction;
  3. Hemoscaning;
  4. Serological blood test.

ELISA, Analysis of Antibodies and Immunoglobulin

This analysis is based on the body's immune response, its protective reaction level for parasites.When antibodies in the human body arise in response to a pathogen or simply in its blood reduced foreign protein, they are called immunoglobulins.

  • Using ELISA results, you can determine the presence of helminths in the body and their type.The accuracy of the study is much higher than feces analysis.
  • The method is based on the calculation of antibodies in the body with one or another type of parasites, their connection to the foreign antigens (immune response) and the body's enzyme reaction.
  • Antibodies - Antigans indicate the presence of infection.
  • Elisa has a precision of blood tests, according to various experts, from 60% to 90%, even at a low level of invasion.
  • The advantage of the method, in addition to the high level of accuracy, is that immuno -functional analysis can monitor the dynamics of the disease over time.

IFA Blood Tests for Parasites

Antibody analysis is like a set of characters that mark these antibodies, or they are called immunoglobulins.

  • In total, 5 of them were studied - IgG, IgA, IGM, IGE IGD.
  • In practical medicine, the first four immunoglobulins are important.

IgM is the main marker for the acute phase of the disease

IgM - Immunoglobulin, which is seen in the acute phase of the disease, indicates the beginning of infection.

  • Appears on the fifth day of blood,
  • It is detected by analysis after 6 weeks.
  • Then it disappears quickly.

IgE - Marker, Parasite infection rate

IgE - Immunoglobulin indicates the presence of parasites or allergies in the human body.

  • Is a marker of processes associated with allergies,
  • It drops in the blood, based on mucous membranes, macrophages and basophils,
  • Participates in the immune responses of the infection with parasites.

IgG - a marker of disease and immunity

IgG - Immunoglobulin, appears in the disease.

  • IgG has also been preserved after healing, for some infections for life, such as measles, measles and others.
  • In the blood of immunoglobulins it is said that the body has already met this infection before, with this specific pathogen.

The result of the ELISTRICAL PARSS analysis

For different combinations of plus and disadvantages for blood testing for parasites, we may draw the following conclusions:

  1. Lack of infection - all antibodies with disadvantage;
  2. Acute scene-IGG (+/-), Iga (+\-), Igm (+);
  3. Chronic form-IGG (+/-), IgA (-), Igm (-);
  4. Immunity-IGG (+), IgA (-), Igm (-);
  5. Exacerbation of chronic disease - IgG (+), IgA (+), Igm (+)
  6. If the disease is detected and treated, then the minimum values of all antibodies are achieved only six months after treatment, sometimes 1-2 years.

The reliability of Eliza's analysis

The ELISA method provides a level of reliability of 90% to diagnose ascariasis, pinks (enterobiosis), toxocars and others, which results in large amounts of IgG immunoglobulin.

  1. You can determine lambliosis in a separate and general (OPD) level of antibodies in the blood.
  2. OPD's value is more than 1, indicating that there is an infection or was
  3. At less than 0.85, there is no lamb.
  4. If the meaning is in the interval, then it is advisable to repeat the analysis after 2 weeks.

This method is characterized by many weaknesses.Analysis allows you to determine the level of antibodies developed in the body for neutralizing helminths, not the worms themselves.

  • Therefore, it is possible to obtain false positive and false negative consequences.
  • This also happens when patients take drugs,
  • Metabolic disorders and parallel existence of current chronic diseases.

General blood test, changes in parasite infection

You can indirectly question the presence of an invasion by conducting a general blood test.Because the presence of worms affects the internal organs, their vital activity products enter the bloodstream, changing its composition.Partial list of invasion effects on blood parameters:

  • Increased hemoglobin;
  • Non-ESR indicators;
  • Excess eosinophils with 20%;
  • Jelesia anemia.

If there are no other causes of such deviations, it is advisable to test parasites, ELISA, PCR in a diagnostic program.

Polymerase chain reaction, PCR analysis

The PCR method, or polymer chain reaction, is fundamentally considered to be a molecular diagnosis and is one of the most modern and accurate for the diagnosis of parasites in the body.

  • It includes traces of DNA and RNA, which belongs to the forms of parasitic life.
  • The essence of a polymerase reaction is the treatment of blood so that the copying and propaganda of DNA at the RNA concentration of foreign organisms, which allows them to determine.

Serological blood test

At the same time, the analysis is used as a source of blood serum information.

  • Immunogenic antibodies of parasites were examined.
  • Analysis allows you to determine a large number of parasitic shapes, but does not allow you to determine the stage of the invasion.
  • Like the IFA method, serological analysis is indirect for diagnosis.
  • If the values of OPD are high, it is advisable to additionally undergo fecal analysis.

Diagnosis by the method of blood scanning

During parasites, the patient's "live" blood drop is studied by optical devices, in addition to worms, you can determine their larvae and mushrooms.

How to pass a blood test for parasites

Blood fence from the elbow

Blood donations for parasites are made in a specialized laboratory.For analysis, blood is taken from the elbow vein 3-5 ml and is placed in a dry sterile test tube.Before performing the analysis, it is recommended to:

  1. Do not eat for 8 hours;
  2. In the evening meal, abandon fatty dishes and milk;
  3. Do not take alcohol and carbonated drinks;
  4. Avoid excessive physical effort, physiotherapy, radiation x -ray;
  5. Refuse to take medicines.
  6. An abundant drink is welcome.
  7. The blood donation conditions for PCR are less strict, as the quality of healing does not affect the presence of parasites.

Dates of analysis

  • The results of IFA and serological tests are issued for one week.
  • For PCR blood tests and hemoscaning, a few hours are enough.
  • As a result of the analysis, you should definitely consult your doctor.